How ADHD Is Diagnosed
Your doctor will inquire about your symptoms as well as any history of ADHD. He will also look over your family history.
People are often diagnosed with ADHD in later years. An event that is significant, such as the birth of a child or a relationship issues can trigger awareness of the issue. The first step in managing ADHD symptoms and improving function is to obtain an assessment.
Characteristics
Children who have the diagnostic criteria for ADHD have significant difficulties with sitting still, waiting for a call and focusing at school or other situations. These problems can significantly affect their functioning at home, work or at school. The signs of hyperactivity, inattention, and impulsivity must be present for at least 6 months and must be significantly more than what is typical for the child's age or development level. They should also be causing significant issues at school, work and at home as well as in relationships.
A certified health professional must conduct a medical evaluation to determine the presence of ADHD. This may include a thorough physical examination and a look for other conditions that could cause similar symptoms to depression or thyroid disease. The health care provider may also examine the patient's medical, psychiatric and academic records. In addition, the doctor will talk to the patient about the symptoms they are experiencing. Children are asked questions according to their age, and parents are also able to be interviewed.
adhd diagnostic will use the American Psychiatric Association's clinical guidelines for diagnosing ADHD for children and adults that are described in the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). The doctor will look at the person's behavior, both in the past and now, and how it impacts their social, professional and family life. If possible, he will look at the person's childhood behavior and school experiences, too.
When conducting an assessment of adults, a doctor will consider whether they have mental health issues that is co-occurring, as well as whether there is a history of ADHD in the family. People with family members who suffer from the disorder are more prone to develop it.
If a health professional suspects that someone has ADHD If he or she suspects that someone has ADHD, they will conduct an extensive clinical assessment which includes reviewing their current symptoms and asking them to keep a daily diary of their symptoms for a few weeks. They can also ask the person about any other medical conditions they suffer from, and refer them to the DSM-5 symptoms guide to determine if the person has any of the ADHD criteria.
Diagnosis
Many health professionals who are interested in ADHD or who specialize in mental illness are able to screen and diagnose the disorder. This includes clinical psychologists, nurse practitioners, physician assistants, psychiatric nurses and psychiatrists. Family physicians may also diagnose ADHD in adolescents and children, and may refer adults to specialists for a thorough evaluation.
A thorough medical exam, including an assessment of hearing and sight, is the first step to diagnosing ADHD. Additionally, a doctor may suggest the brain scan, also known as an EEG-Based Assessment Aid or NEBA to measure the relative concentration of the theta and beta waves in the brain. This type of scanning can be used to screen for ADHD in a non-invasive, safe method.
The doctor will go over the person's medical history, including his medical and psychiatric history that dates back to childhood. The doctor will also discuss the individual's current symptoms as well as strategies for coping. The doctor checks to see if the person meets the diagnostic criteria for either inattentive, hyperactive-impulsive or combined ADHD presentations as defined by the American Psychiatric Association in its Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5).
For adolescents and children who are being assessed for ADHD The doctor may request teachers and other individuals who spend long periods of time with the child to fill in questionnaires or checklists. They may also ask parents to fill in such forms. Adults often talk to their spouses, coworkers, and other close family members. They might also want to interview someone who has known the person since childhood.
During the diagnostic process, the mental health professional looks for signs that indicate whether the person is experiencing predominantly inattentive or primarily hyperactive-impulsive symptoms. The doctor will also determine how long the symptoms have been present, and whether they are causing problems at school, home, work or in other areas of life.
The mental health professional should also screen for other disorders that have symptoms with ADHD like bipolar, depression, or anxiety disorder. The professional should also check for physical causes for the individual's symptoms, such as thyroid dysfunction or sleep disorders. Additionally, a thorough screening will also check the person's social, emotional and family background.
Treatment
Children suffering from ADHD require learning to manage their symptoms. Families can help by encouraging the school staff to watch their child's behavior, giving positive feedback, and being flexible and patient. They can also help teach the child relaxation and calming techniques like meditation or yoga. Many children suffering from ADHD can benefit from regular physical exercise and a healthy diet, which will enhance their ability to concentrate and focus. They should avoid sugary foods and drinks that can worsen their symptoms. They should also get enough sleep.
Symptoms of ADHD are present throughout adolescence and even into adulthood. Adults may experience difficulties at work or in relationships. A doctor will conduct an evaluation to determine if someone has ADHD and the extent of it. The evaluation typically includes a mental health history along with a physical exam, and interviews with the individual, his or her parents, a spouse or life partner and others who know him or her well. The provider may ask the patient to write down their symptoms and how they impact them. The doctor may also utilize rating scales or other tests to confirm whether the person meets the the standard criteria for ADHD. They will also take a history of any medical problems which could mimic the symptoms of ADHD such as seizures and thyroid disorders.
If someone is diagnosed as having ADHD, medication is prescribed to manage symptoms. These medications are typically prescribed to treat ADHD and related disorders in both children as well as adults. These medications can trigger negative side effects. It is recommended that you use these drugs under the supervision of a doctor and with prescription. The patient should inform the doctor about any other medications is taking, as certain drugs can interact with stimulants and cause dangerous side effects. Many individuals with ADHD need to try a variety of types and dosages of medication before they find one that works for him or her.
Prevention
In some instances it is possible to reduce exposure to environmental triggers may help to prevent ADHD symptoms. These triggers can include diet and sleep habits, family structure and medication. A GP can help you find ways to control these triggers and can refer you for additional assistance or to a dietitian to suggest changes in your diet.
Consult your GP for more information. Avoid dietary supplements without scientific evidence or that could interact with certain medications.
Adults who believe they be suffering from ADHD should see an expert in mental health such as psychologist or psychiatrist to get a diagnosis. The doctor will look over medical records, perform physical examinations and take a detailed medical history to rule out other possible reasons for the symptoms. The therapist will speak with the patient, observe the patient's behavior, and utilize standard ratings scales. They will also consider the severity and frequency of core ADHD symptoms, and whether they result in significant impairments in the person's life.
A therapist may collaborate with a patient and their family to improve parenting, teach time management and other techniques for organizing. They may also coach the patient in metacognitive skills, which involves the identification and correction of "thinking distortions" which can lead to negative moods or the perception of limited choices. Psychologists may also prescribe specific medication and work with other mental health professionals to provide complete care.
Parents can aid by offering a safe family environment, setting clear expectations and rewards, promoting a good sleep hygiene, and avoid stimulants. They should encourage their child to socialize with others and establish a healthy bond with their child's partner.
The staff at the school may provide valuable information on issues with learning and behavior in children, but they are not competent to diagnose ADHD or make treatment recommendations. The student's parents and health care provider have to make these decisions, with the assistance of the teacher.